List of presidents of Somalia
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The president of Somalia (Somali: Madaxaweynaha Soomaaliya) is the head of state of Somalia. There have been 9 official presidents since the office was created in 1960. The president is also the commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces. The current office holder is Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, having been elected in the 2022 presidential election. He is the first person to have held the office on multiple occasions, having been previously elected in the 2012 presidential election and held the office from 2012–2017.
List
[edit]| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Election | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
 • Somali Republic (1960–1969) •
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| 1 | Aden Adde (1908–2007) | 1 July 1960 | 10 June 1967 | 6 years, 344 days | SYL | 1960 | |
| 2 | Abdirashid Shermarke (1919–1969) | 10 June 1967 | 15 October 1969 † | 2 years, 127 days | SYL | 1967 | |
| – | Sheikh Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein (1912–2012) Acting [a] | 15 October 1969 | 21 October 1969 | 6 days | SYL | — | |
| • Somali Democratic Republic (1969–1991) •
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| 3 | Siad Barre[b] (1910–1995) [c] | 21 October 1969 | 26 January 1991 | 21 years, 97 days | SRSP | 1980[d] 1986 | |
| • Interim Government of Somalia (1991–1997) •
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| 4 | Ali Mahdi Muhammad[e] (1939–2021) | 27 January 1991 | 3 January 1997 | 5 years, 342 days | USC | 1991 | |
| Vacant (3 January 1997–27 August 2000)[f] | |||||||
| • Transitional national government of Somalia (2000–2004) •
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| 5 | Abdiqasim Salad Hassan (born 1941) | 27 August 2000 | 14 October 2004 | 4 years, 48 days | Independent | 2000 | |
| • Transitional federal government of Somalia (2004–2012) •
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| 6 | Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (1934–2012) | 14 October 2004 | 29 December 2008 (Resigned) | 4 years, 76 days | Independent | 2004 | |
| – | Aden Madobe (born 1957) Acting | 29 December 2008 | 31 January 2009 | 33 days | RRA | — | |
| 7 | Sharif Sheikh Ahmed (born 1964) | 31 January 2009 | 20 August 2012 | 3 years, 202 days | ARS | 2009 | |
| • Federal Republic of Somalia (2012–present) •
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| – | Muse Hassan Sheikh Sayid Abdulle[g] (born 1940) Acting | 20 August 2012 | 28 August 2012 | 8 days | Independent | — | |
| – | Mohamed Osman Jawari (1945–2024) Acting | 28 August 2012 | 16 September 2012 | 19 days | Independent | — | |
| 8 | Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (born 1955) | 16 September 2012 | 16 February 2017 | 4 years, 153 days | PDP | 2012 | |
| 9 | Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (born 1962) | 16 February 2017 | 23 May 2022 | 5 years, 96 days | TPP | 2017 | |
| 10 | Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (born 1955) | 23 May 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 207 days | UPD | 2022 | |
![Siad Barre[b]](/wiki/File:Siad_Barre.png)
![Ali Mahdi Muhammad[e]](/wiki/File:%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_08_(2020).png)
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![Muse Hassan Sheikh Sayid Abdulle[g]](/wiki/File:Muse_Hassan_Abdulle.jpg)
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Timeline
[edit]
See also
[edit]- History of Somalia
- Politics of Somalia
- List of colonial governors of British Somaliland
- List of colonial governors of Italian Somaliland
- President of Somalia
- List of prime ministers of Somalia
- List of speakers of the Parliament of Somalia
Notes
[edit]- ^ Deposed in the 1969 coup d'état.
- ^ Also styled as President of Supreme Revolutionary Council
- ^ Deposed in the Somali Rebellion.
- ^ After the 1979 parliamentary election, the People's Assembly elected Barre President on 26 January 1980.[1]
- ^ From November 1991 to 1995, Ali Mahdi Muhammad enjoyed recognition as President in the international community following the 1991 Djibouti conference: "at the second Djibouti conference (Aideed boycotted the first) held between 15 and 21 July 1991, Ali Mahdi was elected interim President of Somalia for a period of two years[...] Because of the legitimacy conferred on Ali Mahdi by the Djibouti conference, his government was recognized by several countries, including Djibouti, Egypt, Italy, and Saudi Arabia"; c.f.[2]
- ^ In the second half of the 1990s, different faction leaders vied for the Presidency, with none receiving international recognition. General Mohamed Farrah Aidid claimed to be President from 15 June 1995 to his death on 1 August 1996, followed by his son Hussein Farrah Aidid from 2 August 1996 to 20 March 1998.
- ^ From 20 August 2012 to 28 August 2012, Muse Hassan Abdulle served as acting Speaker of the Parliament, and as such, as acting President while elections for a new Speaker and President were forthcoming. Per Article 95 of the provisional constitution Archived 2013-01-24 at the Wayback Machine: "If the Office of the President of the Federal Republic of Somalia falls vacant, the Speaker of the House of the People of the Federal Parliament shall act as President of the Federal Republic until such time as a new President of the Federal Republic is elected, within a maximum of thirty (30) days."; also c.f.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ "SOMALIA 1979" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
- ^ Fricska, Szilard Paul (1994). Harbinger of a new world order?: humanitarian intervention in Somalia (Thesis). University of British Columbia.
- ^ Rulers.org – August 2012, [1].
External links
[edit]| Somali Republic (1960–1969) |  | |
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| Somali Democratic Republic (1969–1991) | ||
| Interim Government of Somalia (1991–1997) | ||
| Transitional National Government of Somalia (2000–2004) | ||
| Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (2004–2012) | ||
| Federal Republic of Somalia (since 2012) | ||
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